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I found an article on the Kashmir conflict. These are some background facts i found that might be helpful.

1. It involves Pakistan and India, who both this Kashmir is their territory.
2. The majaraja, the ruler of Pakistan, was given 3 choices, join with Pakistan, join with India or remain independent. He ended up joining with India.
3. Pakistan thinks Majaraja was forced to sign with India, and muslims are majority of the populatin in Kashmir, so therefore they think Kashmir should be a part of Pakistan.
4. In accepting Kashmir as a part of India, the governer decided that this decision to join would be made final only when the people of Kashmir voted. India accepted this, but has never called a referendum.
5. India still hasn't called a referendum.
6. India and Pakistan have gone to war twice over Kashmir, once from 1947-1948, and again in 1965.
7. After the first war, Pakistan contolled 2/3 of Kashmir and India controlled 1/3.

Anthony, Levi. "India And Pakistan: The Conflict Over Kashmir". EduSolution. March 15 2009 .